Yahya Sinwar wivuganywe n’ingabo za Israel yari muntu ki? Menya  byinshi  birambuye ku mateka ye.

Yahya Ibrahim Hassan Sinwar yari umusirikare w’umunyapalestine akaba n’umunyapolitiki wabaye umuyobozi w’ukuri wa Hamas.

Yabaye umuyobozi wa Biro Politiki muri Hamas kuva muri Kanama 2024 n’umuyobozi wa Hamas mu karere ka Gaza kuva muri Gashyantare 2017 kugeza apfuye ku ya 16 Ukwakira 2024, iyi mirimo yombi yayikoze  asimbuye Ismail Haniyeh.

Yahya Sinwar, yari azwi cyane ku izina rya Abu Ibrahim, yavukiye mu nkambi y’impunzi ya Khan Younis muri Gaza.

Yahya Sinwar yari azwiho kuba umuntu utinyitse cyane kubera amateka ye muri Hamas no muri gereza za Israel .

Ababyeyi be bakomokaga mu gace ka Ashkelon ariko bahinduka impunzi nyuma y’icyo abanyepalestina bise ‘al-Naqba’, tugenekereje mu Kinyarwanda bishatse kuvuga ‘icyago’, icyo gihe Abanyepalestina benshi cyane barahunze bava ku butaka bwa bo baratatana icyo gihe hari mu 1948.

Amashuri Sinwar yize n’aho yayize.

Sinwar yize mu ishuri ryisumbuye ry’abahungu rya Khan Younis nyuma arangiza amasomo y’Icyarabu muri Islamic University of Gaza.

Icyo gihe, Khan Younis yari ‘izingiro’ ry’abashyigikiye umutwe wa Muslim Brotherhood, nk’uko bivugwa na Ehud Yaari, inzobere yo muri Washington Institute for Near East Policy, wakoranye ibiganiro bine na Sinwar ubwo yari afunze.

Sinwar yafashwe bwa mbere na Israel mu 1982, afite imyaka 19, kubera ‘ibikorwa bya Kisilamu’, yongeye gufatwa nanone mu 1985. N’ubwo yafatwaga gutyo yagendaga arekurwa.

Sheikh Ahmed Yassin  washinze umutwe wa Hamas icyo gihe ni bwo  yahaye ikaze Sinwar mu muryango mugari w’uyu mutwe.

Aba bombi babaye inshuti cyane ikizere cyirakura barakorana ndetse bagera kuri byinshi nk’uko Kobi Michael, umushakashatsi muri Institute for National Security Studies i Tel Aviv abivuga.

Ubucuti n’umukuru wa Hamas bwagejeje Sinwar ku kuba umuntu ukomeye cyane muri uyu mutwe, nk’uko uyu muhanga  akomeza abivuga.

Nyuma y’imyaka ibiri Hamas ishinzwe mu 1987, yashyizeho intsinda ry’umutekano ry’uwo mutwe, bise al-Majd. Yari afite imyaka 25 y’amavuko.

Al-Majd yaratinywe cyane kubera uburyo yatangaga igihano cy’urupfu ndetse akaba ari n’urupfu rubi cyane.

Michael akomeza agaragaza ko  bibasiraga amaduka bakekaho kubika amashusho y’ubusambanyi, kandi bakica umuntu wese bakekaho gukorana na Israel muri Gaza.

Uko yafunzwe imyaka irenga 22 yose ari mu gihome muri Israel.

Mu 1988, Sinwar yashinjijwe ibikorwa birimo gutegura,  gushimuta no kwica abasirikare babiri ba Israel. Muri uwo mwaka yafashwe na Israel nanone, akatirwa ibihano bine byo gufungwa burundu ku cyaha cyo kwica Abanyepalestina 12.

Sinwar yamaze igice kinini cy’imyaka irenga22 muri gereza zo muri Israel, kuva mu 1988 kugeza mu 2011. Uyu mugabo akenshi na kenshi  yafungirwaga ukwa wenyine, bisa n’aho cyatumye aba umuhezanguni kurushaho.

Ehud Yaari baganiriye kenshi, agira ati “Yabashije gushyiraho ubutegetsi bwe nta mpuhwe, akoresheje imbaraga, aba nk’umukuru w’izindi mfungwa, akaba ari we uzivuganira ndetse ashyiraho amategeko ye yishakiye zigomba gukurikiza.’’

Leta ya Israel ivuga ko ubwo Sinwar yari afunze yari ‘umugome, umutegetsi, uvuga rikijyana kandi wihangana bidasanzwe, ushimishwa na bicye…ukomera ku ibanga yewe no mu mfungwa bari kumwe…ufite ubushobozi bwo gutwara ikivunge’.

Yaari asobanura Sinwar uko yamubonye mu bihe bitandukanye bahuye. Avuga ko Sinwar yari umuntu wihinduranya bitewe n’uko ibintu bimeze.

Baganira, iyo Sinwar yamubwiraga ko Israel igomba gusenywa kandi ko nta mwanya w’Abayahudi uri muri Palestine, yaratebyaga ati ‘’Wenda wowe tuzakugira umwihariko.’’

Ubwo yari muri gereza, Sinwar yize Igiheburayo agera aho akivuga neza, agasoma ibinyamakuru byo muri Israel. Yaari avuga ko Sinwar igihe cyose yahitagamo ko baganira mu Giheburayo, nubwo Yaari na we yavugaga neza Icyarabu.

Uko Sinwar yavanywe mu gihome yari amazemo imyaka myinshi atageara ku butaka bwa Hamas

Sinwar yarekuwe mu 2011 mu bwumvikane bwatumye Abanyepalestina 1,027 barekurwa, Israel na yo ihabwa imbohe imwe gusa, umusirikare wa IDF witwa Gilad Shalit.

Shalit yari amaze imyaka itanu yarafashwe bugwate nyuma yo gushimutwa n’abarimo umuvandimwe wa Sinwar, uri mu ba komanda bakuru ba Hamas. Nyuma Sinwar yasabye ko bashimuta abandi basirikare benshi ba Israel.

Kugeza ubwo, Israel yari yaravuye muri Gaza hagenzurwa na Hamas, nyuma y’uko itsinze amatora igahigika ishyaka Fatah rya Yasser Arafat.

Ubwo Sinwar yagarukaga muri Gaza, yahise yemerwa nk’umutegetsi, nk’uko Michael abivuga. Ahanini  yafatwaga nk’umwe mu bashinze Hamas agatanga igice kinini cy’imyaka y’ubusore bwe muri gereza za Israel nk’igitambo cye.

Kumenyekana nk’umugabo w’ubugome bukomeye n’urugomo rukabije byatumye Sinwar ahabwa izina ry’agatazirano ka ‘Umubazi w’i Khan Younis’.

Mu 2013 yatowe nk’umukuru w’ibiro bya politike bya Hamas muri Gaza, mbere yuko mu 2017 aba umuyobozi wayo aho.

Murumuna we Mohammed na we yari afite uruhare rukomeye muri Hamas. Avuga ko yarokotse ibitero byinshi bya Israel byo kumuhitana mbere y’uko mu 2014 Hamas itangaza ko yapfuye.

Ibinyamakuru bimwe ariko bivuga ko yaba akiriho, ndetse yaba yaragize uruhare mu gutegura ibitero byo ku itariki ya 7 Ukwakira byagabwe kuri Israel.

Benshi mu ngabo za Israel babona ko ryabaye ikosa rikomeye kurekura Sinwar mu kugurana imfungwa kwabaye mu 2011.

Israel ibona ko yibeshye mu kwibwira ko guha Hamas imbaraga mu bukungu n’uburenganzira bwo gukora, uyu mutwe uzatakaza ubushake bwawo bwo kurwanira ibyo yemera. Ibi ahubwo byahindutse ikosa rikomeye.

Mu 2015, Leta ya Amerika yatangaje ko Sinwar ari ‘Umuterabwoba udasanzwe ku Isi’. Mu 2021 ibitero bya Israel byibasiye urugo rwe n’ibiro bye muri Gaza, ariko ntibamurasa ngo bamuhamye.

Mu 2022, mu ijambo ryaciye kuri televiziyo Sinwar yasabye abantu gutera Israel bakoresheje uburyo bwose bafite.

Tariki 14 Ukwakira 2023, umuvugizi w’igisirikare cya Israel yise Sinwar ‘isura y’ikibi’. Yongeraho ati “Uyu mugabo n’itsinda rye ryose bari mu mboni zacu. Tuzamugeraho.”

Sinwar yari inshuti ya Iran. Aho ubufatanye bw’igihugu cy’aba-Shia n’umutwe w’aba-Sunni ubusanzwe atari ibimenyerewe, ariko bombi bari bahuriye ku ntego yo gusenya Israel no kubohora Yerusalemu mu maboko ya Israel.

Ubwo uyu mutwe wamuhitagamo ngo asimbure Ismail Haniyeh wari umukuru w’ikirenga wa Hamas, cyari icyemezo gitekerejweho, nta urenze Sinwar bashoboraga gushyiraho.

Donatien Nsengimana.