Ububirigi mu mugambi mushya wo kwisubiza DRC- Ubushakashatsi

Ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko ibigo by’Ababiligi byahoze bigenzura umutungo wa RDC bishobora kongera kwigarurira ubutaka n’amabuye y’agaciro binyuze mu mategeko yahinduwe mu 2006.

Nyuma y’imyaka 65 Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC) ibonye ubwigenge, hari impamvu zifatika zituma hibazwa niba ubukoloni bwararangiye burundu cyangwa se bwahinduye isura. Amateka agaragaza ko ibigo by’ubukoloni byashyizweho n’Ababiligi, birimo CNKI, Immoaf, Cominière na Union Minière du Haut Katanga, byakomeje kugira ingaruka ku bukungu n’ubutaka bwa RDC, ndetse bishobora kuba byiteguye kwigarurira umutungo w’iki gihugu cy’igihangange muri Afurika.

Ubukoloni bw’ubukungu bwahinduye isura

CNKI yari ishinzwe gucunga umutungo wa Kivu mu gihe cy’ubukoloni, Immoaf igenzura ubutaka n’imiturire, mu gihe Cominière na Union Minière du Haut Katanga byagenzuraga ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro. Nubwo ibi bigo byatakaje ububasha bwabyo mu buryo bugaragara nyuma y’ubwigenge bwa RDC mu 1960, byaje kongera kugira imbaraga binyuze mu mpinduka z’amategeko zabaye muri 2006.

Mu 1966, Perezida Mobutu Sese Seko yemeje "Bakajika Law", itegeko ryatesheje agaciro ibyangombwa byose by’ubutaka byari byaratanzwe n’abakoloni, bugasubizwa Leta ya RDC. Nyamara, mu 2006, Perezida Joseph Kabila, ashaka gukomeza kwigwizaho ubutegetsi, yemeye gukuraho iri tegeko nyuma y’igitutu cy’Umunyamabanga wa Leta w’Ububirigi ushinzwe ububanyi n’amahanga.

Ibi byahise biha amahirwe abanyamahanga bafite ibyangombwa by’ubutaka byatanzwe mbere y’ubwigenge kongera gusaba ko ubutaka bwabo bwemerwa nk’ubwabo bwemewe n’amategeko.

Kuki ibi bibaye ubu?

Mu gihe Isi iri mu mpinduka zijyanye no gucunga ingufu zisimbura ibikomoka kuri peteroli, RDC ni kimwe mu bihugu bifite umutungo kamere ukenewe cyane. Lithium, cobalt, coltan, manganese na graphite, bikenewe cyane mu gukora bateri z’imodoka z’amashanyarazi, telefoni zigezweho, na mudasobwa, byose biboneka ku bwinshi muri RDC.

Ubushakashatsi buvuga ko Ububiligi bufite inyota yo kongera kwinjira muri RDC nk’intumwa y’ibihugu by’Uburayi na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, kugira ngo bigire uruhare mu bucukuzi bw’aya mabuye y’agaciro. Impamvu yo gukomeza imvururu mu burasirazuba bwa RDC ishobora kuba ifitanye isano n’uyu mugambi wo gushaka kugenzura umutungo w’iki gihugu.

Umusesenguzi w’ibibazo bya politiki muri RDC yagize ati "Niba ibigo by’ubukoloni byari bishinzwe kugenzura ubutaka n’amabuye y’agaciro byarasubiranye uburenganzira ku butaka byari bifite, bivuze ko ubukoloni butarangiye. Ahubwo bwahinduye isura."

Ese RDC izakomeza kuba indiri y’inyungu z’amahanga? 

Nyuma yo gukuraho Bakajika Law, bigaragara ko RDC yatanze icyuho cyatuma ubutaka bw’Ubukoloni bugumana agaciro. Amakimbirane yo mu burasirazuba bwa RDC ashobora kuba afite isano n’uyu mugambi wo kwigarurira ubutaka no kugenzura umutungo w’igihugu.

Ubushakashatsi kandi bugaragaza ko hashize igihe ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro burimo gukorwa n’ibigo bikomeye by’amahanga byaguze imitungo y’ibi bigo by’Ubukoloni. Niba ntacyakorwa, mu myaka mike iri imbere, RDC ishobora kwisanga umutungo wayo uri mu maboko y’ibigo by’amahanga, kandi abaturage bakomeza gusigara nta nyungu bawukuramo.

Ikibazo cy'ingenzi ni kimwe: Ese RDC izabasha guhagarika umugambi wo gusubira mu bukoloni bushya, cyangwa se Ububiligi n'ibihugu by’iburengerazuba byatangiye urugendo rwo kongera kwigarurira umutungo wa Congo?