Afurika y'Epfo yavuze ku cyemezo cyo gukura Ingabo muri RDC inakomoza ku basirikare 14 baguyeyo

Komite ishinzwe kugenzura ibijyanye n’Ingabo mu Nteko Ishinga Amategeko ya Afurika y’Epfo yakiriye neza umwanzuro w’Umuryango w’Iterambere ry’Ibihugu byo muri Afurika y’Amajyepfo (SADC) wo gukura ingabo zawo mu burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC), kugira ngo hakoreshwe inzira ya politiki n’ubuhuza mu gushakira umuti ibibazo by’umutekano biri muri icyo gihugu.

Inama y’Abakuru b’Ibihugu na za Guverinoma ba SADC yabaye ku wa 13 Werurwe yafashe umwanzuro wo kurangiza manda y’Ingabo za SADC zari muri RDC no gutangira gahunda yo kuzisubiza mu bihugu byazo.

Uyu mwanzuro wafashwe nyuma y’iminsi ibiri hatangajwe ko ibiganiro byo gushakira amahoro hagati y’inyeshyamba za AFC/M23 n’ubutegetsi bwa Congo bizatangira ku wa 18 Werurwe i Luanda muri Angola.

Abagize Komite Nshingwabikorwa ishinzwe ibijyanye n’Ingabo mu Nteko Ishinga Amategeko ya Afurika y’Epfo, Malusi Gigaba na Phiroane Phala, bishimiye irangizwa rya Manda y’Ingabo za SADC (SAMIDRC), cyane cyane nyuma y’urupfu rw’abasirikare 14 b’Igisirikare cya Afurika y’Epfo (SANDF) bari baroherejwe ku rugamba, aho nyuma AFC/M23 yatsinze igisirikare cya Congo n’abambari bacyo, ifata ibice birimo umujyi wa Sake na Goma.

Bagize bati: “Twishimiye uyu mwanzuro, cyane cyane nyuma y’urupfu rw’abasirikare bacu 14 bari muri RDC, n’ingenzi ryo gushaka izindi nzira za politiki n’ubuhuza mu gushaka umuti w’iki kibazo.”

Bongeraho bati: “Icyemezo cyafashwe n’Abakuru b’Ibihugu na za Guverinoma ba SADC cyo gushyigikira izindi nzira zo gushakira RDC amahoro arambye, cyerekana ko ibiganiro bigomba kuba umusingi wo gukemura ibibazo by’umutekano muri RDC. Kugira amahoro n’umutekano mu burasirazuba bwa RDC ni inkingi ya mwamba y’iterambere ry’icyo gihugu n’akarere muri rusange.”

Igisirikare cya RDC cyari kimaze igihe kirwana n’inyeshyamba, gifashijwe n’ibihugu n’imitwe myinshi barimo n’udutsiko tw’abacancuro baturuka i Burayi, umutwe w’iterabwoba wa FDLR, imitwe yitwaje intwaro y’Abanye-Congo izwi nka Wazalendo, ingabo z’u Burundi zigera ku 10,000, Ingabo za SADC ziyobowe na Afurika y’Epfo, ndetse n’Ingabo za Loni ziri muri RDC (MONUSCO).

Mu bafatanyabikorwa ba Leta ya RDC, umutwe wa FDLR ni umwe mu yateje akaga, kuko washinzwe n’abasize bakoze Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda mu 1994.

AFC/M23 yahinduye isura y’urugamba

Imirwano yahuje igisirikare cya RDC n’inyeshyamba za M23 yatangiye mu 2021, ariko kuva mu Ukuboza 2023, M23 yabaye igice cy’impuzamashyaka y’inyeshyamba yitwa Alliance Fleuve Congo (AFC). Uyu mutwe ugamije ubutegetsi busigasira uburenganzira bwa muntu, butanga umutekano kuri bose, kandi bukemura impamvu z’inkomoko z’ibibazo by’umutekano muke. 

Abayobozi b’uyu mutwe biyemeje kurandura ivangura rishingiye ku moko, akarengane, ruswa, n’ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside bibasize isura mbi Leta ya Congo.

Guhera muri Mutarama 2024, izi nyeshyamba zafashe ibice binini by’Intara za Kivu y’Amajyaruguru na Kivu y’Amajyepfo. Ku wa 27 Mutarama, nyuma yo kubona ko igisirikare cya Leta kidahagarika ibikorwa byo guhungabanya agahenge, inyeshyamba zarushije imbaraga ibitero bya Leta ya Congo maze zifata Goma, umurwa mukuru wa Kivu y’Amajyaruguru, zishyiraho umutekano uhamye.

Mu gihe muri Kivu y’Amajyepfo umutekano wakomeje kuba mubi kubera ibikorwa by’urugomo n’ubusahuzi byakorewe abaturage n’ingabo za Leta ya Congo n’abo bafatanyije, AFC/M23 yongeye kugaba ibitero, maze ku wa 15 Gashyantare 2024, ifata ikibuga cy’indege cya Kavumu, maze igera i Bukavu, umurwa mukuru wa Kivu y’Amajyepfo.

Icyemezo cya SADC kirashimishije ariko ntikibura ibibazo

Gigaba na Phala batangaje ko bishimiye ko SADC izakomeza gukorana n’Umuryango wa Afurika y’Iburasirazuba (EAC) kugira ngo ibiganiro by’i Luanda n’iby’i Nairobi bihuzwe hagamijwe gushaka amahoro arambye mu burasirazuba bwa RDC.

Ingabo za SADC zagejejwe muri RDC muri Ukuboza 2023, zoherejwe gufasha igisirikare cya Congo cyari cyaragaragaje intege nke mu kurwanya AFC/M23.

Ku wa 24 Gashyantare, abasirikare ba SADC 200 bakomerekeye ku rugamba bagaruwe mu bihugu byabo nyuma yo guhabwa inzira biciye mu Rwanda.

Ubu hakaba hateganyijwe gahunda yo gukura abasigaye, nyuma y’uko manda y’uyu mutwe w’ingabo ihagaritswe ku mugaragaro.

Gusa haribazwa niba aba basirikare ba SADC bazemererwa gutahana ibikoresho byabo by’intambara, bitewe n’ukuntu bari ku ruhande rw’igisirikare cya Congo mu mirwano.

Komite Nshingwabikorwa y’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko ya Afurika y’Epfo ishinzwe Ingabo izatumiza inama yihutirwa n’Umunyamabanga wa Leta ushinzwe Ingabo n’Inkeragutabara, Angie Motshekga, kugira ngo hatangwe ibisobanuro kuri gahunda y’icyo gikorwa cyo gucyura abasirikare.

Iyi nama kandi izagaruka ku mpamvu abasirikare ba SANDF bagomba kuguma muri MONUSCO, ndetse no ku byago bishobora guterwa no kwikura kwa SADC.

Komite y’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko ya Afurika y’Epfo yatangaje ko iyi gahunda itagomba gufatwa nk’ihagarikwa ryose ry’umubano wa SADC na RDC, ahubwo ari uburyo bushya bwo gukemura ikibazo hifashishijwe inzira za dipolomasi.

Ishyaka Democratic Alliance naryo ryashyigikiye uyu mwanzuro 

Ishyaka Democratic Alliance (DA), riri mu ishyaka ry’ubumwe riri ku butegetsi muri Afurika y’Epfo, ryakiriye neza umwanzuro wo gukura ingabo za SADC muri RDC, rivuga ko AFC/M23 yamaze kugaragaza ubudahangarwa bwayo mu karere.

Umuvugizi wa DA mu bijyanye n’Ingabo n’Inkeragutabara, Chris Hattingh, yavuze ko iki cyemezo cyari gikwiye gufatwa.

Ati: “Twamaze igihe kinini dusaba ko abasirikare bacu bavanywamo, cyane cyane nyuma y’uko mu mirwano yabaye hagati ya tariki 23 na 25 Mutarama, abasirikare ba Afurika y’Epfo basigaye bakikijwe na M23 nta bufasha bwihuse babonye mu gihe cy’iminsi 48. Muri icyo gihe, babuze ibiribwa, imiti, ndetse barokorwa n’ubwumvikane bw’inyeshyamba za M23.”

Yavuze ko hakenewe ubwitonzi mu kugenzura ko ibikoresho by’intambara by’Afurika y’Epfo bitaguma muri RDC.

Yagaragaje kandi agahinda k’uko abaguye ku rugamba batinze gusubizwa mu gihugu cyabo.

Perezida Cyril Ramaphosa yavuze ko gucyura izi ngabo bishingiye ku kuba agahenge kari kugeragezwa gashobora gukomeza.

Perezida wa Angola, João Lourenço, akaba n’Umuyobozi wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe, ni we uri kuyobora ibiganiro bigamije amahoro arambye muri RDC.