Ese ku ki Noheli ari wo munsi uhambaye mu mateka y’Abakirisitu? Ibyo wamenya kuri uyu munsi.

Nubwo abantu bemera ko Yezu/Yesu yabayeho nk’umuntu mu mateka, bakemera kandi ko itariki y’amavuko ye itazwi neza. Nta nyandiko nimwe cyangwa icyanditswe cya cyera kivuga umusi wa nyawo w’amavuko, kandi itariki 25 Ukuboza (12), ari umusi abakristu bahimbarizaho ivuka rye, yashyizweho hashingiwe ku byo bari basanzwe bizihiza mu migirire ya kera.

Mu busanzwe ijambo Noheli rifite inkomoko mu rurimi rw’igifaransa “Noël”, naryo rigakomoka mu rurimi rw’ikilatini “Natalis” bisobanura “Amavuka”.  Mu cyongereza bikaba “Christmas” ndetse bamwe bagakunda kwandika “Xmas” aho inyuguti ya “X” isobanura “Christ” (Kristu), kwandika “Xmass” nk’impine ya Christmass byatangiye mu kinyejana cya 16.

Umunsi mukuru wa Noheli wizihizwa n’abakiristu kuwa 25 Ukuboza buri mwaka, hibukwa ivuka rya Yezu/ Yesu Kristu wavukiye i Betelehemu. Kuri uyu munsi, abakiristu bajya mu nsengero mu rwego rwo kuwizihiza ndetse hakabaho no kwishimana n’imiryango yabo ndetse n’inshuti.

Iki ni kimwe mu bituma abakristu bamwe na bamwe batizihiza Noheli, bitandukanye n’Abagatolika hamwe n’Abaporotesitanti benshi bayifata nk’umusi ukomeye.

“Abadiventisti b’umusi wakarindwi nta gitomoye bafite ku bijanye n’uwo musi mukuru. Insengero zimwe zirawizihiza, izindi ntiziwizihiza. Mu Bapentekoti, naho ibintu biratandukanye. Hariho insengero bizihiza noheli n’izindi zitayizihiza.

Noheli ni wo munsi ukomeye mu mateka y’Abakirisitu?

Iyi ni yo iri ku isonga mu ngingo zitavugwaho rumwe na benshi mu bemera Yezu, aho bamwe bibaza bati “Niba koko Umukiza yaravutse kuwa 25 Ukuboza, byasobanura ko waba umunsi w’amateka uri hejuru y’indi mu buzima bwa Gikirisitu ugendeye ku buzima bwose mbere y’uko asubira mu Ijuru?”

Abibaza iki kibazo bavuga ko “Noheli idakwiye kurutishwa Pasika, umunsi Yezu yatsinzeho urupfu, akazuka.”

Bashimangira iyi ngingo bavuga ko abantu bose bavuka, bityo ko itariki y’amavuko itakagizwe igitangaza kurusha igihe hazirikanwa izuka rye.

Bati “Kuvuka ntibitangaje twese turavuka, ahubwo igitangaza ni ukuzuka kuko nta wundi muntu urapfa ngo amare gatatu mu mva agaruke[atsinde urupfu].”

Basanga Pasika idasobanuye ugutsinda urupfu no kugaragaza ko Yezu ari umwana w’Imana ku bamwera gusa, ahubwo inabumbatiye igisobanuro kinini cy’isezerano ry’ubuzima bw’iteka ku bamwizera.

Ahantu Yezu yaba yaravukiye naho kugeza ubu ntihavugwaho rumwe, ndetse haracyateye urujijo mu gihe bamwe bagendera ku nkuru enye zirimo iy’urugendo rwa Mariya na Yozefu, kuvukira mu kiraro k’Umukiza, abashumba n’Abamalayika, ndetse n’iy’Abanyabwenge batatu.

Nubwo na bamwe mu bafite ubumenyi mu by’iyobokamana bagendera kuri izo nkuru, hari abatazemera. Bagaragaza ko harimo kunyuranya bagendeye ku kuba hari ibitabo bibiri bidakomoza ku ivuka rya Yezu.

Mu gitabo cya Mariko cyanditswe kera mu myaka 30 Yezu amaze kubambwa, nta jambo rigaragaza ivuka rye rihavugwa ahubwo gitangirana n’inkuru ya Yohana Umubatiza, wamenyesheje ko Yezu wari umaze gukura agiye kugera i Nazareti.

Na none kandi Igitabo cya Yohana ntacyo gisobanura ku ivuka rya Yezu.

Ibitabo bibiri bigira icyo bivuga, abiga iyobokamana bita “Inkuru y’ivuka” na byo ngo hari ibyo binyuranyaho.

Icya Matayo gisa n’ikivuga ko Mariya na Yozefu bari batuye i Beterehemu, bagahungira muri Egiputa, bakahava bajya i Nazareti.

Nyamara muri Luka havuga ko abo bombi bari batuye i Nazareti, bakajya i Beterehemu ari naho Yezu yavukiye, maze bakagaruka mu rugo i Nazareti.

Icyakora ngo ibitabo byombi bihuriza ku kuba Yezu yaravukiye i Beterehemu.

Noheli ni umunsi wizihizwa n’abatari bake hirya no hino ku isi

Uyu munsi kandi wizihizwa bitandukanye bitewe n’umuco w’igihugu runaka, aho usanga uko wizihizwa muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika bitandukanye n’uko bigenda mu Budage, u Burusiya cyangwa u Buyapani.

Urugero ni nko mu Budage, mu rwego rwo kwizihiza uyu munsi abantu bahana impano mu ijoro ribanziriza Noheli, aho kuba ku munsi wa Noheli nyirizina. Uyu muco ukaba waraturutse kuri Martin Luther, wavugaga ko Noheli igomba kuba umunsi wibukwaho ivuka rya Yezu/Yesu Kristu aho kuba umunsi wo guhana impano.

Mu Budage kandi niho havuye ibyo kuzana ibiti bya Noheli mu mazu y’abantu, aho ibi biti by’umutako byazanwaga mu ijoro ribanziriza Noheli maze bigategurwaho imitako itandukanye rwihishwa n’umubyeyi w’umugore ku bw’abana be.

Muri Polonye, ifunguro ry’umunsi wa Noheli ritangwa mu ijoro ribanziriza Noheli nyuma y’umunsi wo kwiyiriza. Buri muryango kandi utegura ifunguro rigizwe n’ibiribwa 12 bishushanya intumwa 12 za Yezu/Yesu Kristu.

Mu bihugu bitandukanye byo ku mugabane w’uburayi harimo nka Noruveje, impano za Noheli zitangwa mu ijoro ribanziriza Noheli.

Mu gihugu cy’u Buyapani kubera umubare mucye w’abakirisitu bahaba, ntabwo uyu munsi ufatwa nk’umunsi w’ikiruhuko muri iki gihugu.  Mu Buyapani Noheli ifatwa nk’igihe cyo gusangiza abandi ibyishimo, abantu bagahana impano ndetse bagakora n’ibirori.

Mu Rwanda, mu rwego rwo kwitegura uyu munsi cyane cyane abakiristu bawizihiza,  bajya mu nsengero zitandukanye mu ijoro ribanziriza Noheli, ndetse no ku munsi nyirizina. Hirya no hino kandi, usanga abantu bajya mu masoko kugura ibicuruzwa bitandukanye harimo nk’imyambaro mishya ndetse n’ibiribwa bitandukanye.

Kuri Noheli kandi, ni umunsi w’impano ku bana.

Mu kwizihiza Noheli kandi hari imitako itegurwa harimo ikirugu aho umwana Yezu yari aryamye. Mu kinyejana cya 16 igiti cya sipure gitoshye cyamenyekanye nk’igiti cya Noheli. Hirya no hino mu bigo, mu mijyi, mu ngo usanga hatatswe mu buryo butandukamnye.

Martin Luther bivugwa ko yaba ari we wa mbere winjije igiti cya Noheli mu nzu. Ijoro ribanziriza Noheli, umudage Martin Luther yarimo agendagenda mu ishyamba abona inyenyeri zimurikira mu mashami y’ibiti. Avuga ko icyo gihe kuri we byari byiza ndetse ko byamwibukije Yesu wasize inyenyeri zo mu ijuru akaza mu Isi.

Yanditswe na Nsengimana Donatien.